ideas. a star shape, to represent god or heaven. a head plus a bowl, for the verb "to eat." over time, the symbols themselves evolved into the wedge-shaped characters called cuneiform. but the greatest advance came when scribes began to use cuneiform to represent the sounds of spoken sumerian. the word "an" meant "heaven" but was also used to represent the sound "an" in words like "anbar," meaning "iron" and "anta", meaning "above." for the very first time in human history, people could make a permanent record of their spoken language. but sumerian hasn't been spoken since about 2000 b.c. how could these markings be read ? professor erle leichty. leichty: we get passages that we don't understand, and we get tablets that we have extreme difficulty reading, but we do know the language. we know it primarily because of ancient dictionaries. the people that lived at the time made bilingual dictionaries between akkadian and sumerian. and akkadian is a semitic language closely related to hebrew and arabic. so that was much easier for us. keach: the tablets contained specific records of day-t

heaven and you go, "oh, what did you do to my kinfolk." yeah. so cook your lobster on room temperature water and bring it gradually to boil. a lobster won't feel a thing. they'd be okay. eat a happy lobsters. lee, did you have a question? in cases like this, wouldn't it be wiser to kind of check your environment every once in a while just to make sure that you're right? or maybe death or something like if you're in hot tub or anything. it's always good to check your environment to see what the delta t is. and the delta t could stand for so many things. true? yeah. hey, here's an easy question to answer, gang. no, no. here's an easy question not so easy to answer. little kid says to you, "so you live in hawaii. really nice, nice and warm all the time." "yup, nice and warm all the time, man." "i got some friends live up in northern alaska. it's cold all the time." "well, that's the way alaska is, man." [laughter] "how come it's so cold up there and so warm in hawaii?" then you say, "well, there's no reason for that. "hawaii is tropical and alaska is not. that's it." the kid says, "no, ba

arthur massacre. we will be back with her in a moment. ♪ [music break] >> "tears in heaven" son by eric clapton, some for his own child who died at 4 years old. in the wake of the new town killings that killed 20 children on friday and six staff at the school as well as the mother of the shooter, we go to another new town, new town, australia, home of in a strutting man who killed 35 people in 1996, just 12 days after what became known as the port arthur massacre, austria's government announced a bipartisan bill to enact gun control measures. this in a country of hunters and gun lovers. it included agreements with state and local governments. since a loss for past, for more than 15 years, there's not been a mass shooting in australia. in a moment we'll be joined by the one who led the campaign to reform australia's gun laws after the massacre. first, to play a clip from 1996 of a man who survived the port arthur massacre and described what he saw. this is peter crosswell speaking from his hospital bed shortly after the attack. >> i walked toward the front door of the restaurant. this gu

, heaven forbid, having fun with dolls. well, you hear, you know, "we're playing with the trucks. girls can't play with the trucks." or, "boys can't play with dolls." and they do learn, at a very young age, those different kinds of behaviors. and it's important just for the teacher to reinforce that it's ok for jimmy to be playing with a doll. and one thing that happens in dramatic play a lot is the boys will sometimes put on a dress or put on high heels. and we just need to provide an atmosphere that that's ok. you can pretend to be a girl, or you can pretend to be a boy. and so it's important for the teacher to be there in the setting to provide that, that they're just trying out different roles. hendrick: in the world of the whole child, non-sexist education means enabling children of both sexes to step beyond narrowly restricted gender roles and stereotypes and helping boys and girls understand and value their own biological uniqueness as males and females. the boys do tend to gravitate to the more physical activities. you know, we're not going to stop them from doing that. and we try t

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